What is Acne
Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. It typically affects areas of the skin that are rich in oil glands, such as the face, forehead, chest, upper back, and shoulders. Acne can manifest in different forms, ranging from mild to severe, and can cause various types of blemishes on the skin.
Causes of Acne
Sebaceous glands in the skin produce an oily substance called sebum. In individuals with acne-prone skin, these glands tend to produce excessive amounts of sebum, leading to oilier skin and contributing to the development of acne.
When the production of sebum is excessive, it can mix with dead skin cells and other impurities, clogging the pores. This creates an environment favorable for the growth of acne-causing bacteria.
The bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is naturally present on the skin. However, in individuals with acne, there is an overgrowth of these bacteria within the clogged pores. P. acnes releases substances that contribute to inflammation and the formation of acne lesions.
When the pores are clogged and bacteria multiply, the body's immune system responds by triggering an inflammatory response. This inflammation causes redness, swelling, and the formation of acne lesions.
Some medications, such as corticosteroids or hormonal treatments, can trigger or worsen acne. Additionally, using certain cosmetics or skincare products that are comedogenic (tend to clog pores) can contribute to the development of acne.